Methods of peptide synthesis
The methods of polypeptide synthesis are mainly divided into two categories: chemical methods and biological methods.
Chemical method
The chemical method is to synthesize large molecule peptides from small molecule amino acids by gradual reaction. Among them, Fmoc solid-phase synthesis and Boc solid-phase synthesis are the more common synthesis methods.
The Fmoc solid phase synthesis method involves the sequential addition of amino acids to the peptide chain through a tandem reaction using fluorinated formate (Fmoc) as the protecting group at the N-terminal end of the amino acid. The peptide is then synthesized through a series of steps such as deprotection.
Boc solid-phase synthesis uses test-butoxy carbonyl (Boc) as the protecting group at the N-terminal end of the amino acid, and the amino acids are added to the peptide chain one by one in a tandem reaction, and then the synthesis is completed through a series of steps, such as deprotection.
Biological method
The biological method is the use of biotechnological means, such as genetic recombination technology, fermentation technology, and other methods to synthesize peptides. The synthesis in the biological method is divided into two stages, namely: genetic modification (transfection of recombinant plasmid) and fermentation synthesis.
Genetic modification involves immersion of peptide genes into suitable host cells and transfection of recombinant plasmids to achieve efficient expression of peptides by regulating the expression system. Fermentation synthesis, on the other hand, makes use of mass cultivation of these recombinant strains in fermentation vessels to produce large quantities of polypeptides.
Equipment for peptide synthesis
Peptide synthesis equipment is mainly divided into two aspects: laboratory equipment and industrial equipment.
Laboratory equipment
In the laboratory, peptide synthesis equipment includes a peptide synthesizer, a reactor, a liquid auto-dosing instrument, a high-performance liquid chromatograph, a gas chromatograph, and so on.
The peptide synthesis apparatus usually consists of amino acid loading resin, solution dosing system, reaction chamber, rotary mixer, reactor, and intermediate collection system of bioproducts. Among them, amino acid loading resin and reaction chamber are the most important components, which directly affect the efficiency and quality of peptide synthesis reaction. The liquid auto-dosing instrument can automatically control the drug solution in the reaction process to improve the precision and efficiency of the reaction. High-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatographs are usually used to analyze reducing agents, amino acid sequences, residue compositions, peptide translucency content, and so on.
Industrialisation equipment
In the industrial production link, peptide synthesis equipment usually includes fermenters, aeration equipment, separation equipment, membrane separation equipment, gel dialysis equipment, and so on.
A fermentation tank is the core equipment for peptide synthesis, which usually consists of a fermentation tank shell, stirrer, feeding pipeline, aeration device, and temperature control device. The aeration equipment breaks up the gas bubbles in the dense liquid and transports them to the organic matter, thus enhancing the contact area between the gas and the liquid. Separation equipment mainly includes sedimentation centrifugation, pressure filtration, membrane filtration, etc., which is used for the separation and washing of polypeptides. Membrane separation equipment is commonly used to separate peptide products and pre-treat client substances. Gel dialysis equipment, on the other hand, is mainly used for the dialysis and washing of peptides against macromolecular substances.
Xi'an TOPTION Instrumentation Co., Ltd, a distillation one-stop solution provider, for many years focused on the extraction and distillation equipment research and development, production, and manufacturing, the main products include molecular distillation, scraping (thin) film evaporator, stainless steel reactor, supercritical extraction, temperature control equipment, drying equipment, etc., for many years for the biopharmaceutical and chemical industries to provide synthesis, extraction, separation, purification, drying, etc., all kinds of laboratory and industrial For many years, we have been providing the biopharmaceutical and chemical industries with a variety of laboratory and industrial equipment and technical support. The company has strong technical strength, a perfect quality management system, complete qualification, can provide customized service, welcome to contact us at info@toptionlab.com!